In this study, the effect of inflammatory and antiinflammatory compounds such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide respectively fungal derivatives on the intrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal tract, the enteric nervous system (ENS), will be investigated.A specific focus will be set on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, derived from the ENS, under the influence of inflammatory andantiinflammatory compounds.The major goals are the analysis of regulations of marker genes and proteins, as well as micro RNA, that reflectst the effects and mechanisms of the compound used.